THE ROLE OF BNDES IN SUPPORTING MICRO AND SMALL BUSINESSES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: AN INPUT-OUTPUT MATRIX ANALYSIS

Abstract

The objective of the study is to analyze the impacts of BNDES financing for micro and small enterprises in terms of employment and income, using the input-output matrix method (IOM). Historically, it has been observed that the bank's disbursements were predominantly directed towards large enterprises. However, in 2020, there was an increase in the number of financings granted to medium-sized enterprises, possibly as a result of the pandemic. Emergency financings accounted for approximately 27% of the total volume between March and December 2020. It is important to note that the highest volume of credit was allocated to medium-sized enterprises, while micro and small enterprises were primarily concentrated in the Trade and Services sector in the South and Southeast regions. The loans granted had positive impacts on the number of supported jobs, value added, GDP, taxes, and wages, which contributed to reducing the impact of COVID-19 on small businesses and the economy as a whole, through multiplier effects.